Possible Clues:

• Philosopher who described friendship as "a single soul dwelling in two bodies"
• Artist Leo turns out to be an old philosopher
• Greek philosopher, a leader on Rhodes TS Eliot translated
• Peer over note that encapsulates liberal philosopher of old
• Old philosopher — artist Leo (anag)
• Emerge carrying dram left for philosopher
• Artist Leo turns to the old philosopher
• Corrupt trial set to imprison old philosopher
• Notable Greek nobleman talked regularly
• Treat soil (anag) — Greek philosopher