Possible Clues:

• One starts with half and it turns up
• The first half of these people makes up two thirds of them
• Descendant from Shem
• D'you get this to sound like the half of TE?
• Believer in Judaism
• What 8 across are make the half more than half of this
• 16 across for the half of TE
• Perhaps either E or T from the 16 across (6)
• Either E or T for a race?
• Jew